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INDEX
Aarhus, Denmark: McGraw and Warner’s visit to, 132–40Abbas, Mahmoud, 160Abraham (biblical person), 156, 171Abu Ghraib prison (Iraq) photos, 124–25, 141The Act of Creation (Koestler), 49Adams, Hunter “Patch,” 181, 183, 186–87, 191, 192, 196, 211Addams, Charles, 56advertisingcreating humor for, 43, 51–54about Paradise Island show, 136, 139See also alcohol: humor andAfricaSee Tanzaniaage: humor and, 35, 95“Aha!” moment, 56, 199Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud, 145Al-Abi, 157alcohol: humor and, 62–66, 208–9Allen, Melanie, 48Amazon, trip tobenign violation theory and, 205clown brigade and, 175–76, 181–94, 205McGraw and Warner’s, 175–76, 181–94, 196, 205, 211McGraw and Warner’s lessons learned from, 200, 205Amelia (survivor of laughter epidemic), 84, 86–88Anatomy of an Illness as Perceived by the Patient (Cousins), 122, 177animalslaughter of, 79–81Mohammad cartoons and, 143–46Annual Association for Applied and Therapeutic Humor Conference, 176–77, 178, 179, 180Ansari, Aziz, 39–40anthropologists: comedians compared with, 30anti-Israeli jokes, 164–65Arab comedy ladder, 158Araki, Takahiro, 106, 116, 118Ariely, Dan, 112Aristophanes, 165Aristotle, 6, 11, 84Attardo, Salvatore, 26–27attention-grabbing jokes, 54audience: role of, 23, 32–34, 86, 200, 205Awad, Manal, 160–61, 162, 165Aykroyd, Dan, 27Bartholomew, Robert, 90batsu game, 116, 117Bekoff, Marc, 81Belén project (Peru), 181, 183–89, 191Bell, Nancy, 129Belushi, John, 27benign violation theoryalcohol-humor study and, 63–66Amazon trip and, 205and balancing benign and violation, 200, 205–6C.K.-McGraw discussion and, 18creativity and, 49, 52criticisms of, 11–12, 13development of, 9–13everyday life and, 212fly-down experiment and, 128and humor as coping, 189Japanese humor and, 205, 208and Just For Laughs Festival invitation, 203–5, 206–10laughter and, 72, 78and pain as source of humor, 154Palestine trip and, 205purpose of, 201Sarah Silverman Strategy and, 12Seinfeld Strategy and, 12, 15timing and, 205–6Warner’s thoughts about, 210and what makes people funny, 18and what makes successful comedians, 38–39Berg, Alex, 39Bergson, Henri, 157Between Heaven and Mirth (Martin), 156bin Laden, Osama, 160Binder, McKenzie, 35birth-control campaign, 52, 53–54, 167, 205black comedians, 35“black swan” arguments, 167–69bladeless fans experiment, 120Bloomberg, Michael, 42Bodden, Alonzo, 201boke (Japanese comedy partner), 106, 205Boosler, Elayne, 20Born Standing Up: A Comic’s Life (Martin), 30bowling-ball cartoon (Kanin), 47, 55–58, 64–65Brady, Jordan, 31Brockovich, Erin, 90Brooks, Mel, 163Brown, Tina, 45Bruce, Lenny, 25, 36, 63, 112, 120Bucher, Lloyd, 153–54Bukoba, Tanzania: McGraw and Warner’s visit to, 73–75, 83–85Burgdorf, Jeffrey, 80–81burlesque show, African, 75Carell, Steve, 27The Caricature Crisis (Larsen), 138caricature.dk (website), 148Carolla, Adam, 108, 109Carr, Jimmy, 36Carter, Erin Percival, 38cartoonsaggressive, 124“Aha!” moment for, 56and aspiring cartoonists, 54–58captionless, 49context for, 56and definition of cartooning, 47disadvantages of, 142fact-checkers for, 56, 58as failures, 128–30, 132Gruner’s views about, 123–24McGraw and Warner’s lessons learned from, 206Mohammad, 124–30, 131–32, 133–37, 138–39, 140See also the New Yorker cartoonsThe Cartoons that Shook the World (Klausen), 127cat-as-sex-toy story, 9, 10censorship, 130, 160Center for Applied Nonviolent Action and Strategies (CANVAS), 169Central Casting (Los Angeles), 33–34Chaplin, Charlie, 112, 113charging woman: in Denmark, 119Cheezburger Network, 13Chesterfield, Lord, 123children, 84–85, 193–94See also laughter epidemics; Tanzaniachurch raffle–Hummer story, 4, 10C.K., Louis, 17–18, 40, 72“clash of two mutually incompatible codes,” 49–50cleverness: creativity and, 50Clinton, Bill, 63Close, Del, 28clownsAmazon trip and, 175–76, 181–94, 205benign violation theory and, 205and Glick’s Parkinson’s disease, 191–92image of, 187McGraw’s views about, 188–89nose of, 182–83, 187, 196, 198, 211as outsiders, 187training for, 186The Colbert Report (TV program), 62, 111Colbert, Stephen, 27Collins, Robert Merrifield, 120comediansaudience relationship with, 23, 32–34, 86, 200, 205earnings of, 35, 106as inherently unhappy, 37Jews as, 30as outsiders, 30, 72, 199, 201production process impact on, 59–62therapy programs for, 36and who is funny, 17–41, 199See also specific personcomedy“bibles” about creating, 48and comedy writing as orgasm, 48commonalities among types of, 29–30comparison of American and Japanese, 117–18compartmentalization of, 102context of, 30–32, 103–4, 128creation of, 41–66diversity in, 93emotions as key in, 60and exceptionally difficult circumstances, 169–72experience and experimentation as key to, 25, 40failures of, 128–30, 200formal instruction about, 25humor differentiated from, 117–18Koestler’s views about creating, 48–50, 51performing environment for, 31–32truth and, 28, 30unexpectedness in, 7worldwide popularity of, 113–15See also humor; joke(s); laughter; type of comedy“Comedy Bang Bang” (UCB stand-up show), 39–40Comedy Central, 35, 105comedy clubwhat is a, 31–32See also specific clubComedy at the Edge (Zoglin), 34Comedy Nest (Montreal): McGraw’s stand-up comedy routine at, 197–202, 206–10Comedy Store (Los Angeles), 19–21, 107Comedy Store (Tokyo), 107complaining, humorous, 190–91computers: creativity and, 50–51condom jokes, 53–54conflict situationsimprovisation and, 28successful comedians and, 38conservatives: sense of humor of, 112contextfor cartoons, 56, 128of comedy, 30–32, 103–4, 128of humor, 200Cook, Dane, 104CopenhagenSee Denmarkcoping/relief, humor/jokes for, 7, 8, 12, 134, 163–64, 167, 173, 189–91, 200, 206Cosby, Bill, 7Coser, Rose, 85–86Cousins, Norman, 122, 177, 179, 196creativityin advertising, 43, 51–54benign violation theory and, 49, 52“bibles” about, 48as “clash of two mutually incompatible codes,” 49–50cleverness and, 50communal/team-based, 57, 199complexity of, 128computers and, 50–51humor as help to, 50Koestler’s views about, 48–50, 51and mass-produced comedy, 41–62and McGraw and Warner’s lessons learned from travels, 199New Yorker cartoons and, 41–46, 54–58risk and, 144, 147as solitary, 57in stand-up comedy, 57terrorism and, 60–61cruel joke cycle, 135cultureinfluence on humor of, 93–118joking relationships and, 95sense of humor and, 95and worldwide popularity of comedy, 113–14Cycowycz, Gizelle, 162, 163, 164, 170Daiku, Tomiaki, 104–5, 106The Daily Show (TV program), 54, 60, 62dark humor, 119–48, 200dating profiles: humor and, 109David, Larry, 35Davies, Christie, 95–99, 167Davila-Ross, Marina, 79–80Davis, Susan, 121, 122“Day of Rage,” 126–27Day, Spring, 107–8dead-baby joke cycle, 135dead-monkey joke, 8–9Dean, Greg, 23–25, 26, 49Debatable Humor: Laughing Matters on the 2008 Presidential Primary Campaign (Stewart), 111DeLuca, Rudy, 19Democrats: comedy and, 111–12Denmarkcharging woman in, 119and “Day of Rage” activities, 126–27derogatory jokes in, 169McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 119–21, 124–25, 130–42Mohammad cartoons and, 124–30, 131–32, 133–37, 138–39, 140, 141, 142, 145Muslims in, 125–26, 131–32, 138–40, 145, 148Warner/McGraw–police exchanges in, 130, 132, 133See also specific personDenver Art Museum: as comedy club, 32Denver, Colorado: Squire Lounge in, 1–2, 5–6, 13–15, 202, 209, 211Denver Laughter Club, 178derogatory jokes, 142, 169, 205DEviaNT (Double Entendre via Noun Transfer) program, 50Dice Clay, Andrew, 20Dick, Andy, 35dick jokes, 117, 118DiGiovanni, Debra, 198–99, 206“digit affair”See Hawaiian good luck signDiller, Phyllis, 7dirty jokes, 7, 11, 29, 121–22, 163disparaging jokes, 142doctor-wife joke, 24Dotombori district (Osaka, Japan), 102–3Downtown (Japanese comedy act), 106–7Drescher, Fran, 33Du Bois, W.E.B., 30Duchenne, Guillaume, 77–78dumb-blonde jokes, 96–97Dundes, Alan, 134–36Dunham, Jeff, 104earnings: of comedians, 35, 106Ebert, Roger, 45Edwards, John: Huckabee comment about, 112Ellen DeGeneres Show (TV show), 32Ellner, Jordy, 201emotions: as key in comedy, 8, 60“encrypted humor,” 111Encyclopedia of 20th-Century American Humor, 13Encyclopedia of Humor Studies, 6everyday lifebenign violation theory and, 212how humor is used in, 29laughter of, 72, 92in Palestine, 173evolution: of laughter, 76–79“F” parking lot cartoon, 45fact-checkers: for cartoons, 56, 58failures, comedy, 128–30, 200Fallon, Jimmy, 27Farajin, Imad, 160Farashat, Bashar, 171, 172–73Feingold, Alan, 22Fernbach, Phil, 35, 45, 53Ferrell, Will, 27Ferri, Sam, 55Fey, Tina, 27Fiqh Council of North America, 127fireworks show gone wrong, 204The Flamingo Resort and Casino (Las Vegas), 35fly-down experiment: benign violation theory and, 128football: Dundes’s views about, 134–35Ford, Thomas, 142Foxworthy, Jeff, 104Franceand French folklore, 135and French love of Jerry Lewis, 97–98and randy-Frenchmen bon mots, 96free speech: Mohammad cartoons and, 130, 144–45Freedom Theatre (West Bank), 165–66, 167, 169, 171Freud, Sigmund, 6–7, 134, 164Frevert, Louise, 136Friedman, Josh, 20–21, 23, 40Fry, William, 48Gacy, John Wayne, 187Galifianakis, Zach, 41–42game: humor as a, 123–24, 141game shows, Japanese, 116–17Gaza Strip, 149–50restrictions in, 157“gelotophobia,” 124genderas bias in comedy, 108–10and humor in dating/mating, 109Japanese humor and, 107joke-writing competition and, 110and jokes about women, 108laughter and, 89–91, 92Martin’s studies of humor and, 108–9political jokes and, 112sense of humor and, 95and what makes a successful comedian, 35Gervais, Matthew, 76–79Gesundheit Global Outreach, 181–82, 183–89, 191See also Amazon, trip to: clown brigade andGesundheit! Hospital (West Virginia), 181“Giggleometer,” 114Glick, John, 181–82, 183, 187, 191–92Goldstein, Dan, 37The Goodies (sketch-comedy show), 129Gordon, Rae Beth, 97Gotham Comedy Club (New York City), 38Gottfried, Gilbert, 61Gough, Jacob, 166, 169, 171Great American Lawyer Joke Cycle, 97Greengross, Gil, 37, 38Greeves, Lucy, 36Grey New York (advertising company), 63–66, 208–9grief: humor and, 194–96Groupon (website), 58Gruner, Charles, 123–24, 141HAHAcronym Generator, 50“Haiti” text experiment, 60–61“Hakuna matata” (“no worries”), 70, 73, 92Hall, Arsenio, 20Hall, Edward, 104Halpern, Charna, 28Hammerschlag, Carl, 192–94Handey, Jack, 112Handler, Chelsea, 104Hanson, Todd, 59–60, 61–62, 205Harlan, Patrick, 110Harman, Jennifer, 38“Harold” technique, 28Harris, Sidney, 55Harvard Lampoon magazine, 47Hawaiian good luck sign, 154, 155, 190health: humor and, 175–96, 200Heaven Spa (Osaka, Japan), 102Hebron (West Bank): McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 171–73Hempelmann, Christian, 89Hicks, Bill, 112Hitchens, Christopher, 108Hodzic, Nihad, 139, 140, 141, 148Holocaust, 162, 163–64, 170, 173homophobic jokes, 141Hook, Theodore, 140–41Hotz, Kenny, 203–5Huckabee, Mike, 111–12Huh, Ben, 13human rights, 124, 204humorAdams’s views about, 186–87as balance of pleasure and pain, 210cause of, 52, 154comedy differentiated from, 117–18comparison of American and Japanese, 117–18complexity of, 210–11as coping/relief tool, 134, 163–64, 167, 173, 189–91, 200creation of, 41–66dark side of, 119–48, 200enjoying your own, 189, 193–94, 200evolutionary origins of, 109as a game, 123–24, 141health and, 175–96, 200Koestler’s definition of, 49McGraw’s thoughts about, 212purpose of, 6–7selling of, 51–54as subversion tool, 165, 173team-based, 201universal, 114–15, 118, 200See also comedy; joke(s); laughter; sense of humor; specific topic; type of humorHUMOR (quarterly publication), 6, 8, 9, 13, 26, 89Humor Research Lab (HuRL) (University of Colorado)benign violation theory development at, 10–13birth control campaign study by, 53–54, 167, 205and dark side of humor, 120founding of, 2and “Haiti” text experiment, 60–61and importance of information to funniness, 128McGraw-Warner’s first meeting at, 2–3McGraw’s founding of, 2New Yorker cartoon study by, 45purpose of experiments at, 3, 15Humor Research Team (HuRT), 2–3, 110See also specific personHumorous Behavior Q-sort Deck, 28–29HUNT-2 study, 180hunter joke, 114–15The Hurricane Club (New York City): alcohol-humor study at, 63–66Hurricane Sandy, 170Hutcheson, Francis, 123I Am Comic (documentary), 31Ibrahimi Mosque (Hebron), 172–73Improv Olympic Theater (iO) (Chicago), 28improvisation, 27–28, 29–30, 37–39, 40Ince, Elise Chandon, 97incongruity theory, 7, 8, 12, 206infants: laughter of, 84–85Inoue, Hiroshi, 99, 100instincts: and what makes comedians, 18intangibles: and what makes a person funny, 22–23International Humor Conference (Copenhagen, 2006), 124International Society for Humor Studies (ISHS), 6, 13, 44, 95–96, 123intifadas humor, 158–59, 164, 165“Into the End Zone, Trying to Get a Touchdown” (Dundes), 135Iquitos (Peru)McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 176, 183–85, 186, 188, 192–94Punchana neighborhood in, 193–94See also Belén project (Peru)Irish jokes, 98Irving, Washington, 98Isen, Alice, 50Israel: and anti-Israeli jokes, 164–65Israeli-Palestinian friendship, 173Jackson, Victoria, 111Japanbenign violation theory and, 205characteristics of humor in, 95, 99compartmentalization of comedy in, 102Davies comment about, 99as homogenous, 103McGraw and Warner’s lessons learned from, 200, 205McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 93–94, 205, 211political jokes in, 110samurai as central to humor in, 99, 100U.S. influence on, 113See also Osaka, JapanJapan Society for Laughter and Humor Studies, 99Japanese Humor and Laughter Society, 93–94, 102JAPE (Joke Analysis and Production Engine) (robo-jokesters), 50Jenin (West Bank): McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 165–67, 169Jerichow, Anders, 130–32, 137Jerusalem, McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 162–64Jewish humor, 164Jews: as comedians, 30“Jihad Jane” (aka Colleen Renee LaRose), 145, 146joke-writingof Dean, 24–25gender and, 110of Raskin, 24–25joke(s)boring, 129–32characteristics of, 141as coping/relief tool, 134, 163–64, 167, 173, 189–91, 200culture and, 95dark, 148, 159delivery of, 201difficult circumstances and, 169–72as failures, 128–29as a game, 123–24, 141offensive, 129–32Palestinian, 158–59purpose of, 134for self-preservation, 163–64in Soviet Union, 154–55stereotypes and, 141translations of, 104world’s funniest, 114–15See also type of jokeJokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious (Freud), 6–7“Jon Stewart Effect,” 54Just for Feet commercial, 53Just For Laughs Comedy Festival (Montreal)and McGraw-Warner decision to participate in, 15McGraw and Warner’s invitation to participate in, 203–4, 206McGraw’s stand-up comedy routine for, 197–202, 206–10Singer as talent scout for, 21Jyllands-Posten (Danish newspaper)incendiary imagery in, 134Mohammad cartoons in, 124–30, 131, 133survey about immigrants by, 138threats against, 131Kahneman, Daniel, 4Kamala, Jason, 69–71, 88Kan, Christina, 190Kanaana, Sharif, 158–59, 161, 164, 165, 171Kanin, Zachary, 46–48, 49, 51, 54, 55–58, 64–65Kansai University (Osaka, Japan), 100Kaplan, Bruce Eric, 43Kashasha, Tanzanialaughter epidemic in, 68–69, 74, 83, 89Rugeiyamu visit with McGraw and Warner in, 88–91Katagelasticists, 124Kataria, Madan, 178–79Kaufman, Andy, 20Keltner, Dacher, 140Kinison, Sam, 20Kiroyera Tours, 70Klausen, Jytte, 127Klegman, Sarah, 21, 22Klikushestvo shouting manias, 90Klovn (TV comedy show), 136knock-knock jokes, 6Koestler, Arthur, 48–50, 51Koran, 156–57Koziski, Stephanie, 30labor unions, for comedians, 20Ladonia (micronation), 146–47LaMont, Alf, 19, 20LaRose, Colleen Renee “Jihad Jane,” 145, 146Larsen, Rune, 137–39Las Vegas, Nevada: McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 34–37Laugh Factory (Los Angeles club), 36LaughLab (website), 114laughterof animals, 79–81benefits of, 178–79benign violation theory and, 72, 78in children/infants, 84–85as contagious, 68, 73, 86, 88–89, 200difficult circumstances and, 169–72as “disabling” mechanism, 76Duchenne and, 77–78in everyday life, 72, 92evolution of, 76–79gender and, 89–91, 92Gervais and Wilson’s views about, 76–79and good versus bad audience, 33–34health and, 175–96madness and, 71as mass hysteria, 89–90McGraw and Warner as practicing, 33–34, 86, 205McGraw and Warner’s lessons learned about, 205mimicked, 78as mysterious, 68as pathological, 74as protest, 89–90, 168–69Provine’s explanation of, 71–73purpose of, 76–79, 92, 199–200at self, 199, 200, 201as signal that things are okay, 83social power of, 72–73, 85–86, 92solitary, 72stand-up comedy and, 72stress and, 90–91, 92tickling and, 79–80uncontrollable, 71, 74Laughter: A Scientific Investigation (Provine), 71, 89laughter epidemics, 67–71, 73, 74, 83–85, 87, 88–90, 91–92Laughter in Hell: The Use of Humor During the Holocaust (Lipman), 163–64Laughter Universities, 179laughter yoga, 178–79, 212laughtivism, 168–69lawyer jokes, 97Le Roy, New York: student outbursts in, 90Lear, Norman, 48Lee, Judith Yaros, 44Legman, Gershon, 121–22, 124Leno, Jay, 20Leonard, Bridget, 97Leore (Israeli cabdriver), 150, 152Letterman, David, 20Levity (comedy agency), 21Lewis, Jerry, 97–98, 124Lewis, Richard, 20liberals: sense of humor of, 112Lichtenstein, Donnie, 9Life Studies of Comedy Writers (Fry and Allen), 48lightbulb jokes, 136lighting: role in comedy of, 31–32Limbaugh, Rush, 111linguistic theory of humor, 24Lipman, Steve, 163–64Lorena (Argentinian clown), 189Los Angeles, CaliforniaMcGraw and Warner’s lessons learned from, 199, 205, 206McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 17–41, 211See also Central Casting; Comedy Store; Santa Monica Playhouse; Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre (UCB); specific personLos Angeles Comedy Awards, 23Louie (FX series), 17Lubetkin, Steve, 20Lutz, Chip, 177Mad Men (TV show), 62, 107, 208madness: laughter and, 71Malin, Elisabeth, 112Mamet, David, 56Man Show (TV program), 142Mankoff, Bob, 43–44, 45, 46, 47, 54–58, 64manzai (two-man comedy style), 106, 107, 110, 113, 117, 205Mark (Amazonian clown), 193marriage: humor and, 75–76Martin, James, 156Martin, Rod, 108–9, 179, 180Martin, Steve, 20, 25, 30Marx, Groucho, 36Masada, Jamie, 36mass hysteria: laughter as, 89–90mass-market jokes/comedycreation of, 41–62risks involved with, 58–59See also the New Yorker cartoonsmass motor hysteria, 90Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT): idea generation study at, 50Massou, Khalid, 160Mauss, Shane, 201Mazzilli, Chris, 38McGhee, Paul, 85McGraw, Kathleen (mother), 3, 194–96McGraw, Petereducational background of, 3, 4first attempt at stand-up comedy by, 1–2, 5–6, 13–15impact of global expedition on, 212personal background of, 3–4personality of, 4second attempt at stand-up comedy by, 197–203, 206–10Warner first meets, 2–4Warner’s relationship with, 211–12See also specific topicMcGraw, Shannon (sister), 3, 195McNally, Martin J., 137medicinelaughter as best, 175–96See also health: humor andMehdawi, Rami, 161, 171Mer-Khamis, Juliano, 165–66, 167, 169Metzger, Darwyn, 27–28Miller, Dennis, 111Mitchell, Alex, 129Mohammad cartoons, 124–30, 131–32, 133–37, 138–39, 140, 141, 142, 143–46, 147, 148, 149Montreal, CanadaSee Just For Laughs Comedy Festival (Montreal)moral violationsMcGraw’s interest in, 4See also benign violation theoryMorishita, Shinya, 94, 100Morreall, John, 123Muslimsin Denmark, 125–26, 131–32, 138–40, 141, 145, 148humor and, 157in Sweden, 145See also Mohammad cartoons; PalestineMuslims in Dialog, 139, 141Myers, Mike, 27“N+V Theory,” 8–9Nagashima, Heiyo, 94, 102, 103The Naked Gun study, 63Namba Grand Kagetsu (Osaka, Japan), 107Nasser, Latif, 90National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy, 52, 53–54, 167, 205New Star Creation (comedy school) (Tokyo), 104–6, 107, 110New York Cityalcohol-humor study in, 62–66, 208–9McGraw and Warner’s lessons learned from, 199, 205, 206McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 41–66, 211See also Gotham Comedy Club; the New Yorker cartoons; specific personthe New Yorker cartoonscartoonist open-call day for, 54–58contest for, 41–42, 45, 54–58database of, 57gender responses to, 108HuRL study of, 45and Kanin’s bowling-ball cartoon, 47, 55–58, 64–65laughter at, 71and selling of mass-market humor, 51uniqueness of, 44–45The New Yorker Festival, 42nicknames: McGraw’s act about, 14Nilsen, Don, 12–13Nimis (Vilks sculpture), 146–47“911 Café” (Ramallah), 158No Laughing Matter (Legman), 122North Korea: USS Pueblo incident and, 153–54, 170, 190Norway: HUNT-2 study in, 180nose, clown, 182–83, 187, 196, 198, 211Nshamba, Tanzania: McGraw and Warner’s visit to, 83–85Nulman, Andy, 203–4, 206Nutty Professor experiment, 97Obama, Barack, 111, 160O’Brien, Conan, 27“Ogata Impossible” (Power Purin variety show), 116–17Ogata, Takahiro, 116–17Ojibwe Native Americans, 95Old Testament: humor in, 123Olympic gymnast joke, 103omuneepoSee laughter epidemicsOnion (film), 61–62The Onion News Network (web broadcast), 61The Onion (newspaper), 59–60, 61–62, 205Only Joking: What’s So Funny About Making People Laugh? (Carr and Greeves), 36orgasm: comedy writing as having an, 48Oring, Elliot, 7, 164O’Rourke, P.J., 111Orwell, George, 165Osaka, Japanbenign violation theory and, 208as comedy capital of Japan, 100, 107, 208McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 99–104, 203, 208post–World War II, 100–101rakugo performance in, 94–95silence in, 101smallest bar in the world in, 103, 104Osaki, Hiroshi, 112–13, 116Otpor! (Serbian youth movement), 168–69pain, 154, 173, 210See also dark humorPakkun Makkun (manzai act), 11Palestinebenign violation theory and, 205censorship in, 160geography and economy of, 150–51Israeli-Palestinian friendship in, 173Israeli settlers in, 171as laughter-free zone, 170–71McGraw and Warner’s lessons learned from, 200, 205McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 149–53, 155–62, 164, 205, 211Ramadan in, 150–52, 156, 159restrictions in, 157See also Gaza Strip; Hebron (West Bank): McGraw and Warner’s trip to; Ramallah (West Bank): McGraw and Warner’s trip to; West BankPanksepp, Jaak, 80Paradise Island (show): advertising about, 136, 139Paramount Theatre (Denver), 17–18Parkinson’s disease: Glick and, 191–92Pascal, Blaise, 7penis questions, 18, 19The Peregrine Penis (Legman), 122performing environment, 31–32See also contextpersonality: and what makes comedians, 18, 37–38Peruvian Air Force, 175, 176PET (Danish intelligence service), 132, 133Pew Research Center: Mohammad cartoon survey by, 127–28Philip, P. J., 68, 74, 83Philogelos (joke book), 98Pickering, Lucy, 26Pinsker, Sanford, 44Pirates of the Dotombori (Osaka, Japan), 99Pirates of Tokyo Bay (Tokyo, Japan), 99Plato, 6, 122–23play fighting: incongruity theory and, 7pleasure: humor as balance of pain and, 210Plucker, Alvin, 154, 170Poehler, Amy, 27Polish jokes, 98, 135–36politics/political jokes, 95, 110–12, 167See also Mohammad cartoonsPolitiken (Danish newspaper), 130–31Popovic, Srda, 168–69positive-humor movement, 122post-traumatic stress disorder, 170Power Purin (Yoshimoto variety show), 116–17pranks/practical jokes, 140–41“prejudiced norm theory,” 142The Primer of Humor Research (Raskin), 13protest: laughter as, 89–90, 168–69Provine, Robert, 71–73, 89Pryor, Richard, 20, 25, 36The Psychology of Humor (Martin), 108, 179punch linesDean’s views about, 25delivery of, 201everyday laughter and, 212incongruity theory and, 7Japanese humor and, 103and Koestler’s views about creating humor, 49linguistic theory of humor and, 24in Soviet Union, 157and who is funny, 26–27puns, 7, 11, 49, 51, 123Qualtrics, 97, 115Rabbo, Yasser Abed, 160racejokes about, 141, 142political jokes and, 112and what makes a good/successful comedian, 35rakugo (Japanese storytelling), 94–95, 116Ramallah (West Bank): McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 155–62, 164, 170–71Ramiro (Amazonian clown), 188randy-Frenchmen bon mots, 96Rankin, A. M., 68, 74, 83Raskin, Victor, 13, 24–25, 206Rasmussen, Anders Fogh, 126, 138, 139rat-tickling experiments, 80–81Rationale of the Dirty Joke (Legman), 121–22Refn, Lars, 125–27, 128–29, 133, 148refugee camp, Palestinian, 165–67Reilly, Bill, 99–100, 101, 102relationships: sense of humor and, 75–76, 212relief: humor/jokes as, 7, 8, 12, 134, 163–64, 167, 173, 189–91, 200, 206religion: humor and, 156–57Remnick, David, 65Republicans: comedy and, 111–12Richards (Keith) story, 12riffs, 25riskcreativity and, 144, 147mass-market comedy and, 58–59Robbins, Tony, 24robo-jokesters, 50robots: and creation of funny, 50–51Rock, Chris, 30, 35Rock, John, 194Roll Me in Your Arms and Blow the Candle Out (Legman), 122Rose, Flemming, 130Ross, Harold, 44, 54Rubondo Island National Park: McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 79–80, 81–83Ruch, Willibald, 124Rugeiyamu, Kroeber, 88–89Rutta, William (Tanzanian guide), 70, 73, 74–75, 79, 81–82, 83, 84, 86–88, 91, 92Saatchi & Saatchi, 53safari, African: McGraw and Warner on, 79–80, 81–83safety valvesSee coping/reliefSahl, Mort, 36samurai: Japanese humor and, 99, 100Santa Monica Playhouse, 23, 25Sarah Silverman Strategy, 12sarcasm, 11, 99satire, 134, 160, 164, 167Saturday Night Live (TV program), 52, 60, 65, 111, 116ScandinaviaMcGraw and Warner’s lessons learned from, 200See also Denmark; Mohammad cartoons; Sweden; specific person“Scattered Pearls” (Al-Abi), 157Schiro, Julie, 32, 53Schneider, Abby, 37schools: laughter epidemics in, 68–71, 83–85, 89–90, 91–92science: comedians’ use of, 40Second City (Tokyo), 113Seinfeld, Jerry, 35, 37Seinfeld Strategy, 12, 15Seinfeld (TV program), 17, 43–44selfcensorship of, 130and enjoying your own humor, 189, 193–94, 200making fun of, 199, 200, 201self-preservation jokes, 163–64Sellers, Peter, 97, 98selling: of mass-market humor, 51–54Semantic Mechanisms of Humor (Raskin), 24Semmerling, Jeff, 182–83, 187sense of humordefinition of good, 22factors influencing, 95HUNT-2 study and, 180measurement of, 22politics and, 112–13relationships and, 75–76self-rating of, 22September 11, 2001, 60–61, 205Serbia: and “black swan” argument, 168–69set-upseveryday laughter and, 212linguistic theory of humor and, 24and who is funny, 26–27settlers, Israeli: humor about, 171sex, 75, 141, 142See also dirty jokes; genderShakur, Tupac, 79Shilimpaka, Margaret, 91Shore, Mitzi, 19Shore, Sammy, 19sick jokes, 134Sikh put-downs, 98silence: in Osaka, 101Singer, Jeff, 21, 22–23Skelton, Red, 179sketch comedySee Watan ala Watarslapstick: superiority theory and, 6smallest bar in the world (Osaka, Japan), 103, 104Smalls, Biggie, 83Smith, Moira, 140–41Soviet Unioncollapse of, 167jokes in, 154–55, 157, 167Spa World (Osaka, Japan), 101–2Spiegelman, Art, 127Squire Lounge (Denver), 1–2, 5–6, 13–15, 202, 209, 211St. Claire, Lisette, 33–34stand-up comedyaudience-comedian relationship in, 23creativity in, 57Dean’s class about, 23–24, 25experience as key in, 25, 199improvisation compared with, 29–30, 37–38laughter and, 72and McGraw and Warner’s lessons learned from travels, 199, 206McGraw’s first official attempt at, 1–2, 5–6, 13–15McGraw’s preparation for, 199–202McGraw’s run-through for, 202McGraw’s second official attempt at, 197–203, 206–10Osaki’s views about American, 116personality and, 37–38politics and, 112at Squire Lounge (Denver), 1–2, 5–6, 13–15Zoglin’s views about, 34–35See also specific comedianSTANDUP (System to Augment Non-speakers’ Dialogue Using Puns) (robo-jokester), 50“Stars and Bucks Café” (Ramallah), 158Steinberg, Saul, 56Step by Step to Stand-Up Comedy (Dean), 25stereotypes, 36, 141Stewart, Jon, 111, 112, 165Stewart, Patrick, 111Storytellingexperiment with, 38–39See also rakugo (Japanese storytelling)stress: laughter and, 90, 92stupidity jokes, 98–99, 137subversion: humor as tool for, 165, 173successful comedians: what makes, 34–35, 37–38Superiority Theory, 6, 8, 12, 122–23, 141, 206Supreme Court Building, U.S.: Mohammad image in, 127, 140survival humor, 163–64See also coping/reliefSvebak, Sven, 180Swedenderogatory jokes in, 169McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 143–48, 211Swift, Jonathan, 165Syria: reactions to Mohammad cartoons in, 131–32“Take my wife—please” quip, 26TanganyikaSee TanzaniaTanzanialaughter epidemic in, 67–71, 73, 74, 83–85, 87, 89–91McGraw and Warner’s lessons learned from, 199–200McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 67–92, 211sense of humor in, 95teasing, 6, 140terrorismcreativity and, 60–61See also September 11, 2001Terry (McGraw’s friend), 202theory of verbal humor, 13therapeutic humor movement, 176–78, 180therapy programs: for comedians, 36“ThriftOnline” (fictional company): creating advertising headlines for, 43Thurber, James, 56tickle robots, 11tickling, 7, 11, 79–80timingand benign violation theory, 205–6difficulty of, 60and humor in tragedy, 60–61Japanese humor and, 99and “too soon” jokes, 61and who is funny, 26–27Tokyo, JapanMcGraw and Warner’s visit to Yoshimoto in, 112–17New Star Creation comedy school in, 104–6The Tonight Show (TV program), 17, 20“too soon” jokes, 61tragedyhumor and, 60–61See also type of tragedy or specific tragedytranslations of jokes, 104trickster motif, 113–14truth: comedy and, 28, 30Truth in Comedy: The Manual of Improvisation (Halpern), 28tsukkomi (Japanese straight-man), 106Twain, Mark, 60, 154tweets: about Hurricane Sandy, 170“two-ness,” 30Uganda: McGraw and Warner’s trip to, 67Understanding Humor In Japan (Milner-Davis et al.), 113United Nations, 124United Statesdiversity of humor in, 103–4influence on Japan of, 113political jokes in, 111–12See also Los Angeles, California; New York City; specific comedianuniversal humor, 114–15, 118, 200University of California, Berkeley: Folklore Archive at, 135University College London: tickle robot at, 11University of ColoradoSee Humor Research Lab (HuRL)University of Sheffield: clown study at, 187University of Southern California: academic comedy concentration at, 19Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre (UCB) (Los Angeles), 27–28, 37–38, 39, 115USS Pueblo incident, 153–54, 170, 190variety shows, 113vaudeville, 113Veatch, Thomas, 8–9Venn diagrams, 63–66, 208–9Vilks, Lars, 143–46, 147, 148Vohs, Kathleen, 110Wallace, George, 35–37Warner, Gabriel (son), 4, 182, 188, 210Warner, Joelfamily background of, 150–51impact of global expedition on, 210–12personality of, 4See also specific topicWarren, Caleb, 9–10, 12, 32, 43, 52, 110, 128, 170, 190Watan ala Watar (TV comedy show), 150, 159–61, 162, 164, 165Wengert, Joe, 27, 29–30, 38West BankMcGraw and Warner’s trip to, 149, 150, 152–53, 165–66restrictions in, 157See also Ramallah (West Bank): McGraw and Warner’s trip toWestergaard, Kurt, 133–37, 139, 143, 148Westword (Denver newspaper), 2, 5White, E. B., 207Why the French Love Jerry Lewis (Gordon), 97Wiig, Kristen, 27Williams, Lawrence, 128, 170Williams, Robin, 20Wilmer Grace and His Dog (made-up movie): Warner in, 27–28Wilson, David Sloan, 76–79Wilson, Pam, 180Wilson, Steve, 180Wiseman, Richard, 114, 115With, Aaron, 58wolfman in a barbershop (cartoon), 41, 43, 46–48wood-mill accidents study, 190World Humor and Irony Membership (WHIM), 6World Laughter Tour, 15, 180, 210–12See also specific nation or cityworld’s funniest joke, 114–15Wright, Steven, 34Yelp.com: study of business ratings on, 190–91“yo mamma” jokes, 36yoga, laughter, 178–79, 212Yorihiro, Aki, 106, 116Yoshimoto Kogyo (Japanese comedy company), 105–6, 107, 112–16Youngman, Henny, 26, 27Zamen (Ramallah cafés), 156, 157, 161Zebra (Danish artist co-op), 125zingers, 50–51, 110, 114, 201Zoglin, Richard, 34Zubeidi, Zakaria, 165, 169请支持我们，让我们可以支付服务器费用。
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